“Eamaan is to believe in (1) Allaah , (2) His angles, (3) His Books, (4) His Messengers , and (5) the last day , and (6) to believe in Al-Qadaar , its good and its bad”.21 " الإيمان أن تؤمن بالله ، و ملائكته ، و كتبه ، ورسله ،و اليوم الآخر ، وتؤمن بالقدر خيره و شره " رواه مسلم .

(1) Belief In Allaah

This includes the belief in his existence.

The evidence for the existence of Allaah is established mainly by Reasoning (or logic): The Evidence of “ Reasoning “: -
All of the creatures, the first and subsequent ones, must have a Creator Who brought them to existence, because they neither can bring themselves into existence, nor they could have come to exist by coincidence! The creatures could have not brought themselves to existence because a thing does not create it self –since prior to its existence it was nothing – so how could it be a creator? And it cannot accidentally bring into being, because every occurrence (novelty, etc.) must need an originator.

Also because its existence in such highly magnificent order and homogenous coordination, and due to the coherent relationship between the means and the causes , and the creators with one another , it is absolutely impossible that is very being is coincidental . ( In fact) , what is ( believed) to exist as a result of coincidence , does not follow an ordered pattern at the beginning of its existence. So how could it remain to be ordered during its course of survival and development? So if its impossible that the creatures have neither brought themselves into existence nor they did they came to exist by coincidence , then it becomes evident that they must have a creator , and He is Allaah , the Rabb of the world.

Allaah تعالى stated the above rational and decisive proof in Soorat Al-Tur , saying: ( أم خلقوا من غير شىء أم هم الخالقون) ( الطور ، 35) Were they created by nothing , or they themselves the creators? { Qura’an 25:35} , Which means that they were neither created without a creator , nor they were the creators of themselves . It becomes clear , therefore , that their Creator is Allaah تعالى .

That is why when Jubair Bin Mut’im heard Allaah’s Messenger reciting Soorat At-Tur , and when he ( the prophet) reached the Aayaat: ( أم خلقوا من غير شىء أم هم الخالقون أم خلقوا السموات و الأرض بل لا يوقنون أم هم عندهم خزائن ربك أم هم المسيطرون) ( سورة الطور ، 35-37) Were they created by nothing , or were they themselves the creators? Or did they create the heavens and the earth? Nay , but they have no firm to believe .

Or are the treasures of your Raab with them? Or are they the tyrants with authority to do as they like?25 Let us give a parable that clarifies this matter: If some one tells you about a lofty palace , surrounded by gardens with rivers flowing in between , fully furnished with beds and mattresses, and decorated with all kinds of ornament, the basic , and the luxurious , then he says to you : “ This palace in all the of its perfection , has founded itself , or that it came to exit by coincidence , without a founder !” Immediately you will deny and reject his argument, and you will consider his talks as ridiculous. (With this in mind) is it, therefore , possible that this universe with its extended earth , skies , planets , conditions, wonderful and splendid order , could have brought itself into existence ? Or that it came to exist without a Creator? ( يا أيها الناس اعبدوا ربكم الذى خلقكم و الذين من قبلكم لعلكم تتقون الذى جعل لكم الأرض فراشا و السماء بناء و أنزل من السماء ماء فأخرج به من الثمرات رزقا لكم فلا تجعلوا لله أندادا و أنتم تعلمون) ( البقرة ، 21-22) O mankind! Worship your Rab ( Allaah) , Who Created you and those before you so that you may become pious.

Who has made the earth a resting place and the sky as a canopy , and sent down rain from the sky and brought forth therewith fruits as provision for you.

Then do not set up rivals unto Allaah ( in worship) while you know. ( that He alone has the right to be worshipped) ( قل من يرزقكم من السماء و الأرض أمن يملك السمع و الأبصار و من يخرج الحى من الميت و يخرج الميت من الحى و من يدبر الأمر فسيقولون الله فقل أفلا تتقون* فذلكم الله ربكم الحق فماذا بعد الحق إلا الضلال فأنى تصرفون) ( يونس ، 31-33) Say : Who provides for you from the sky and from the earth? Or Who owns hearing and sight? Who brings out living from the dead and the dead from the living? And Who disposes the affairs? They will say : “Allaah” Will you not then be afraid of Allaah’s Punishment ( for worshipping other than Him)?” such is Allaah , you Rabb , in truth. So apart of Truth, what (remains) but error? So how then you are turned away? ( Qura’an 10:31-32)

(2) The Belief In The Angles

The angles are creation from the world of Al-Ghayb42 who worship Allah and possess nothing from the Divine Qualities of Allaah. Allaah created them from light and granted them the complete submission to His commands and ability to execute it. Allaah تعالى said : ( و من عنده لا يستكبرون عن عبادته و لا يستحسرون * يسبحون بالليل و النهار لا يفترون ) ( الأنبياء ، 19-20) And those who are near Him (i.e the angles) are not too proud to worship Him , nor are they weary ( of His worship). ( Qura’an 21:19-20) .

Angles are great in number , none can enumerate them except Allaah تعالى .2.1 The Belief in The Angles Comprises Four Matters:

First : The Belief in their existence.
Second: To believe in those whose names are known to us, like Jibreel, and to generally believe in those whose Names we don not know.
Third: The belief in what we know from their attributes, like that of Jibreel whom the prophet Moahmmed (saw) in his genuine shape in which he was created, having six hundred wings, and covering the hole horizon.45
Fourth: To believe in what we know of their deeds, which they perform in compliance with the Command of Allaah, تعالى like their Tasbeeh and worship of Allaah48 day and night without boredom or slackness.

(3) The Belief In Allaah’s Books

{ The Books which Allaah has sent down unto His Messengers as Mercy and Guidance to mankind so that they may utilize to achieve their happiness in this life and thereafter.}

3.1 The Belief in the Books Includes Four Matters:
First: To believe that the decent of the Books is truly from Allaah.
Second: To believe in the books whose names we know, each according to it’s name , like Al-Qura’an which was sent down unto Mohammed , At-Tawarat which was revealed to Musa , the Injeel which was brought down to ‘Eessaa and Az-Zaboor which was given to Dawood . As to those Books which we don’t know their names , we believe in them on the whole.
Third: To attest their authentic information like news told in the Qura’an and ( or) in the old Scriptures as long as they are not altered or changed. Fourth: Acting upon its un-brogated statutes , accepting and submitting to them wheather we realize the wisdom behind them or we don’t .

All of the old Scriptures are abrogated by the Great Qura’an. Allaah تعالى said:
( و أنزلنا إليك الكتاب بالحق مصدقا لما بين يديه من الكتاب و مهيمنا عليه) ( المائدة ،48) And We have sent down to you the Book in truth confirming the scripture that came before it and Muhyminian ( trustworthy in highness and witness) over it ( old Scriptures).56 ( Qura’an 5:48) The Qura’an , therefore , is a Judge over all the old scriptures and accordingly it is forbidden to act upon to any of the statues of the old scriptures except what is authentic and acknowledged by the Qura’an.

The Belief in Allaah’s Books Yields Great Benefits, Including:

First: Acknowledging Allaah’s concern for His creation whereby He sent to every nation a Book to guide through it.
Second: To recognize the Wisdom of Allaah in His Shara’ah ( Judicial laws) whereby He legislated fro each nation what suites its condition , as Allaah تعالى said: ( و لكل جعلنا شرعة و منهاجا) ( المائدة، 48) To teach among you, We have prescribed a law and a clear way .( Qura’an 5:48)
Third: To be grateful for Allaah’s Favor of sending down His Books Of Revelation.

(4) The Belief In Ar-Rusul (Messengers)

Ar-Rusul is the plural of Rasool, which means Murasal: The one dispatched to proclaim something.

What is intended (according to the Judicial meaning) is that Ar-Rasool is the man who receives a Shar’a ( A Divine code of law) and is commanded by Allaah to convey it.

The first of Ar-Rusul ( The Messenger) is Noah and the last one is Mohammed Allaah تعالى said: ( إنا أوحينا إليك كما أوحينا إلى نوح و النبيين من بعده) ( النساء، 136) Verily, We have inspired you ( O Mohammed ) as We have inspired to Noah to prophets after him. ( Qura’an 4: 136) In Saheeh Al-Bukharee it is narrated on the authority of Anas bin Malik in the hadeeth of Ash-Shafaa’ah ( The Intercession), the prophet Mohammed mentioned that ( on the day Resurrection) people will go to Adam asking him to intercede them with Allaah 57 “ Go to Noah , The first of Allaah’s Messenger to the people of the earth.

Allaah تعالى said: ( و ما كان محمدا أبا أحد من رجالكم و لكن رسول الله و خاتم النبيين) ( الأحزاب ،40) Mohammed is not the father of any man among you, but he is the Messenger of Allaah and the last ( end) of His prophets.( Qura’an33:40) And theree never was a nation without a Messenger whom Allaah تعالى sends with a particular Sharee’ah to His people or without a prophet receiving the revelation of the Sharee’ah of his predecessor in order to revive it. Allaah تعالى said: ( و لقد بعنثافى كل أمة رسولا أن أعبدوا الله و إجتنبوا الطاغوت) ( النحل ،36) And verily, We Have sent among every Ummah ( community , nation) a Messenger (priclaming): “ Worship Allaah ( alone) , and avoid ( or keep away from Taaghout.”58 (Qura’an 16:36). He also said: ( و إن من أمة إلا خلا فيها نزير) ( فاطر،24) There was no Ummaah but a Warner had passed among them ( Qura’an 35:24) . ( إنا أنزلنا التوراة فيها هدى و نور يحكم بها النبيون الذين أسلموا للذين هادوا) ( سورة المائدة، 44) Verily , We did sent down the Torah ( to Musa), therein was guidance and light, by which the prophets , who submitted to Allaah’s Will , judged the Jews.( Qura’an 5:44) The Messenger are created human beings who don’t have any of the characteristics of Ruboobbiyyah or Uloohiyyah.

Allaah spoke about his prophet Mohammed who is the most noble of the Messengers and the highest among them in honor before Allaah: ( قل لا أملك لنفسى نفعا و لا ضرا إلا ما شاءالله و لو كنت أعلم الغيب لا ستكثرت من الخير و ما مسنى السوء إن أنا إلا نزير و بشير لقوم يؤمنون) ( الأعراف ، 188) Say ( O Mohammed to the disbelievers): “ I possess no power of benefit or hurt to my self except as Allaah Wills. If I Had knowledge of Ghayb, I should have secured for my self and abundance of wealth , and no evil should have touched me . I am but a Warner and bringer of glad tidings to those who believe.” * Qura’an 7:188) He تعالى said: ( about the prophet Mohammed) ( قل إنى لا أملك لكم ضرا و لا رشدا * قل إنى لن يجيرنى من الله أحد و لن أجد من دونه ملتحدا ) ( الجن 21-22) Say ( O Mohammed ): “ It is not my power to cause you harm or to bring you to the roght path.” Say: “ None can protect me from Allaah’s punishment ( If I were to disobey Him), nor should I find refuge except in Him” ( Qura’an 72:21-22_ Human Qualities like illness , death the need for food and drink and so forth affect them . Allaah تعالى said about prophet Ibraaheem describing his Rabb ( Allaah): ( و الذى يطعمنى و يسقين * و إذا مرضت فهو يشفين* و الذى يميتنى ثم يحيين) ( الشعراء ،79-81) It is He who feeds me and gives to drink .

And when I am ill , it is His who cures me ; And who will cause to die , and then bring me to life ( again) . ( Qura’an 21:79-81) The Prophet Moahmmed said: " إنما أنا بشر مثلكم أنسى كما تنسون فإذا نسيت فزكرونى" :- رواه البخارى و مسلم “ I am but a human being like you, and liable to forget like you, so if I forget remind me”.59 In the context of parsing the Messengers, Allaah described them having Uboodiyyah60 to Him in their highest rank of standing , saying about Noah: ( إنه كان عبدا شكورا) ( الإسراء ،3) Verily, he ( Noah) was a grateful ‘abd( slave-worshipper of Allaah alone).

Allaah said about Mohammed: ( تبارك الذى نزل الفرقان على عبده ليكون للعالمين نزيرا) ( الفرقان ،1) Blessed be He Who sent down the criterion ( the Qura’an) to His ‘abd ( Mohammed) that may be a Warner to ‘Aalameen ( mankind and jinns). ( Qura’an 25:1) He said about Ibraaheem , Ishaaq , Ya’aqoob ( may Allaah’s salaat and salaam be upon them): ( و أذكر عبادنا إبراهيم و إسحاق و يعقوب أولى الأيدى و الأبصار * إنا أخلصناهم بخالصة ذكرى الدار * و إنهم عندنا لمن المصطفين) ( ص ، الآيات 45-46) And remember ‘ Ibadanaa ( our slaves) Ibraheem , Ishaq and Yaqoob ( Jacob) , ( all) owners of strength ( in worshipping Us) and ( also) of religious understanding .

Verily, We did choose them by granting them ( a good thing i.e) the remembrance of the Daar61( Qura’an 38:45-46) Allaah spoke about ‘Eesaa bim Mariam that: ( إنا هو إلا عبد أنعمنا عليه و جعلناه مثلا لبنى إسرائيل ) ( الزحرف ،59) He (‘Eesaa) was not more than a slave ( who worships Allaah alone) .

We granted our Favor to him , and We made him an example to the children of Israel ( i.e his creation without a father). ( Qura’an 43-59)

The Belief in The Messengers Comprises Four Matters:

First: To Believe that their Message is a true one from Allaah تعالى . Therefore , whoever disbelieves in the Message of any one of them then He disbelieves in all of them , as Allaah تعالى said : ( كذيت قوم نوح المرسلين ) ( الشعراء، 105) The people of Noah belied the Messengers. ( Qura’an 26:105) Allaah made belie all the Messengers although there was not any Messenger besides Noah , the Christians who belied Mohammed and did not follow him , themselves belied the Messiah bin Mariam and consequently they are not hid followers , especially when he brought them the good news about Mohammed .

The glad tiding would not mean any thing unless He ( Mohammed) is the Messenger to them wherewith Allaah will save them from going astray and guide them to the straight path.

Second: To believe in those of them whose names we know , each according to his name: example, Mohammed , Ibraheem, Musa, ‘Eessaa, Noah , the salat and salaam be upon them . These five are the ‘Ulul ‘Azm mina arRusul ( the Messenger of strong will and steadfastness).

Allaah mentined them in two palces in the Qura’an , in His sayinf ( in Soraat Al-Ahzab): ( و إذ أخذنا من النبيين ميثاقهم و منك و من نوح و إبراهيم و موسى و عيسى بن مريم)( الأحزاب،71) And (Remember) when we took from the prophets their covenant , and from you ( O Mohammed ) , and from Noah, Ibraheed , Musa and ‘Eesaa bin Mariam .( Qura’an 33:7) and He is saying in Sorat Ash-Shoura’ah: ( شرع لكم من الدين ما وصى به نوحا و الذين أوحينا غليك و ما وصينا به إبراهيم و موسى و عيسى أن أقيموا الدين و لا تتفرقوا فيه) ( الشورى ،13) He ( Allaah) has ordained for you from the same Deen ( Islaam) which He ordained for Noah , and that which We have Inspired in you ( O Mohammed) and that which We ordained for Ibraaheem , Musa, and ‘ Eesaa saying you should establish the Deen and make no divisions in it, Qura’an (42:13) As regard to those of them whose names we don’t know , we believe in them on the whole ( as true Messengers from Allaah ) He تعالى said : ( و لقد أرسلنا رسلا من قبلك منهم من قصصنا عليك و منهم من لم نقصص عليك ) ( غافر، 78) Indeed We have sent Messengers before you ( O Mohammed) : of them there are some whose story We have told you , and some whose story We have not told you. ( Qura’an 40:78)

Third: To believe in what is authentically reported from their news.

Fourth: To act upon the Sharee’ah of the Messenger who is sent to us from amongst them , and he is Mohammed , the last ( end) of the Messenger ( and prophets) who is sent to mankind. Allahh تعالى said : ( فلا ور بك لا يؤمنون حتى يحكموك فيما شجر بينهم ثم لا يجدوا فى أنفسهم حرجا مما قضيت و يسلموا تسليما) ( النساء ،65) But no, by your Rabb, they can have no faith until they take you ( Mohammed) judge in all disputes between them , and find themselves no resistance against your decision , and accept ( them) with full submission. ( Qura’an 4:65)

The Belief in The Messengers Yields Great Benefits Including:

First: Acknowledgement Allaah’s Mercy and concern towards His creation whereas He send them the Messengers to guide them to His straight path and to clearly explain to them how to worship Him , because the human mind is independently unable to realize ( how to worship Allaah).

Second: Giving thanks to Allaah تعالى on this great Favor ( of sending His Messengers)

Third: Loving, Magnifying and praising the Messengers in the manner that befits them since they are Allaah’s Messengers and because they worshipped Him , proclaimed His Message , and gave advice to His creation The obstinate belied their Messengers claiming that Allaah’s Messengers can not be human in nature . Allaah mentioned this claim and invalidated in His saying: ( و ما منع الناس أن يؤمنوا إذ جاهم الهدى إلا أن قالوا أبعث الله بشرا رسولا * قل لو كان فى الأرض ملائكة يمشون مطمئنين لنزلنا عليهم من السماء ملكا لرسول ) ( الإسراء ،94-95) And nothing prevented men from believing when the guidance came to them , except that they said: “ Has Allaah sent a man as ( His) Messenger ?” say :” If there were on earth , angles walking in peace and security , We should certainly have sent down for them from the heaven an angle as a Messenger”. ( Qura’an 17:94-95)

Allaah thwarted their claim by asserting that a Messenger must be a mn because he is being sent to the people of the earth who are humans. I f the people of the earth were angles. Allaah would have sent to them an angle from the heaven for a Messenger to be like them. Thus, Allaah told about those who belied the Messengers to have said: ( إن أنتم إلا بشر مثلنا تريدون أن تصدرون عما كان يعبد آباؤنا فأتونا بسلطان مبين* قالت لهم رسلهم إن نحن إلا بشر مثلكم و لكن الله يمن على من يشاء من عباده و ما كان لنا أن نأتيكم بسلطان إلا بإذن الله) ( إبراهيم ، 10-11) “ You are no more than human beings like us! You wish to turn us away from what our fathers used to worship.

Then bring us a clear authority (i.e a clear proof of what you say.)” Their Messengers said to them. “: We are no more than human beings like you , but Allaah bestows His Grace to whom He Wills of His Slaves. It is not for us to bring you an authority (proof) except by the permission of Allaah”. ( Qura’aan 14:10-11)

(5) The Belief In The Last Day

The Last day is the Day of Resurrection on which people will be resurrected to receive recompense and reckoning . It is named as such because there is no day after it.

On this Day the people Al-Jannah will settle in their dwellings, and the people of An-Naar (Hell) will reside in there.

The Belief in The Last Day Comprises Three Matters:

First: The belief in Resurrection, Which means giving life to the dead on the Day when the second Trumpet will be blown and mankind will stand before the Rabb of Al-Alameen ( mankind , jinns, and all the exists) They will stand bear-footed , completely naked , and uncircumcised . Allaah تعالى said: ( كما بدأنا أول خلق نعيده و عدا علينا إنا كنا فاعلين) ( الأنبياء، 104) As We began the first creation, We shall repeat it , ( it is) a promise binding upon us. Truly We shall do it. ( Qura’an 21:104) Al-Ba’th (Resurrection) is affirmed truth proven by the Qura’an , Sunah,and Ijma’a ( unanimous agreement) of the Muslims. Allaah تعالى said: ( ثم إنكم بعد ذلك لميتون * ثم إنكم يوم القيامة تبعثون) ( المؤمنون ،15) After that, surely, you will die. Then (again), surely you will be resurrected on the day of Resurrection (Qura’an 23:15-16) 　

The Muslims unanimously agree on the affirmation of the Day of the Rsurrection and this is what the wisdom necessarily implies: Allaah makes for His creation a Ma’aad ( place of return) in order to recompense them on the obligation He charged them with on the tongue of His Messenger. Allaah تعالى said: ( أفحسبتم إنما خلقناكم عبثا و إنكم إلينا لا ترجعون) ( المؤمنون،115) Do you think that We had created you in play (without any purpose) and that you would not be brought back to US? ( Qura’an 23:115) He told His prophet Mohammed: ( إن الذى فرض عليك القرآن لرادك إلى معاد)( القصص ، 85) Veirly, He Who has given you ( O Mohammed ) the Qura’an63 will surely bring you back to Ma’ad ( place to return , either to Makkah or to Al-Hannah ,etc) ( Qura’an 28:85).

Second: the belief in recompense and reckoning.The ‘abd will be reckoned with and recompensed for his deeds .

This is proven by the Qura’an , Suaah and Ijmah’a of the Muslims . Allaah تعالى said ( إن إلينا إيابهم * ثم إن علينا حسابهم) ( الغاشية ، 25-26) Verily, to Us will be their return and for Us will be their reckoning .( Qura’an 88:25-26)

Also He said: ( من جاء بالحسنة فله عشر أمثالها و من جاء بالسئية فلا يجزى إلا مثلها و هم لا يظلمون) ( الأنعام ،160) Whoever brings a good deed shall have ten times the like thereof to his credit, and whoever brings an evil deeds shall have only the recompense of the like thereof, and shall not be wronged. ( Qura’an 6:160) ( و نضع الموازين القسط ليوم القيامة فلا تظلم نفس شيئا و إن كان مثقال حبة من خردل أتينا بها و كفى بنا حاسبين) ( الأنبياء، 74)

And We shall set up the balances of Justice on the Day of Resurrection, then none will be dealt with unjustly in anything.

And if there be weight of mustard seed, we will bring it. And sufficient are we as Beckoners. ( Qura’an :21-47)

The Muslims are in agreement in affirming the reckoning and recompnse , and this what the wisdom necessarily implies. Indeed Allaah تعالى brought down the Books , send the Messengers and made it incumbent upon the Ibaad ( creation) to accept ( the Messages) they brought forth and to act according what is obligatory therein; and made it dutiful to fight those who oppose it , and that their blood , offspring , women and property are lawful .

Had there been no reckoning and recompense, these matters would have been in vain! Far is Allaah , the All-Wise , removes from such ( imperfection) . He تعالى pointed to the this affirmation ( of reckoning and recompense) in His saying: ( فلنسألن الذين ارسل إليهم و لنسألن المرسلين * فلنقصن عليهم بعلم و ما كنا غائبين) ( الأعراف،7-8) Then surely, We shall question those (people) to whom it (the Qura’an) and verily, We shall question the Messengers.

Then surely We shall narrate unto them (their whole story) with knowledge, and indeed We were not absent. ( Qura’an 7:7-8)

Third: The belief in Al-Jannah and An-Naar ( hell) Fire) and that they are the final and everlasting abode for creation.

Al-Jannah is abode of delight which Allaahتعالى has prepared for the pious believers who believed in what Allaah has ordained upon them and who obey Allaah and His Messengers, sincerely believing in Him and ( truly) following His Messengers. ( Allaah has prepared ) in it ( Al-Jannah) from (all) kinds of bliss which “ no eye had ever seen , no ear had ever heard , and nobody has ever even imagined.” Allaah تعالى said: ( إن الذين آمنوا و عملوا الصالحات أولئك هم خير البرية * جزاؤهم عند ربهم جنات عدن تجرى من تحتها الأنهار خالدين فيها أبدا رضى الله عنهم و رضوا عنه ذلك لمن خشى ربه ) ( البينة 7-8) Verily, those who believe67 and do righteous good deeds , they are the best of creatures .

Their reward with their Rabb is Gardens of Eternity (‘and: Paradise)68 underneath which rivers flow , they will abide therein forever , Allaah will –pleased with them , and they with Him . That is for him who fears his Rabb.( Qura’an 98:7-8) He also said: ( فلا تعلم نفس ما أخفى لهم من قرة أعين جزاء بما كانوا يعملون ) ( السجدة ،17) No person knows what is kept hidden for them of joys as reward for what they used to do. ( Qura’an 32:17) As regard to An-Naar , it is the abode of torment which Allaah has prepared for the Al-Kafareen Ath-Thaalimeen ( polytheists , wrong doers etc.) who disbelieved in Him and disobeyed His Messengers.

In it there are kinds of torment and punishment that cannot be imagined. Allaah تعالى said: ( و إتقوا النار التى أعدت للكافرين) ( آل عمران ،131) And fear the fire, which has been prepared for the disbelievers. ( Qura’an 3:31) ( و إنا أعتدنا للظالمين نارا أحاط بهم سرادقها و إن يستغيثوا يغاثوا بماء كالمهل يشوى الوجوه بئس لبشراب و ساءت مرتفقا) ( الكهف، 29) We have prepared for the Thaalimeen (disbelievers, wrong-doers) a fire whose wall be surrounded them .

And if they ask for help they will be granted water like boiling oil , that will scald their faces. Terrible the drink , and an evil Murtafaqa ( dwelling , resting place etc.) ( إن الله لعن الكافرين و أعد لهم سعيرا * خالدين فيها أبدا لا يجدون وليا و لا نصيرا * يوم تقلب وجوهم فى النار يقولون ياليتنا أطعنا الله و أطعنا الرسول) ( الأحزاب ، 64-66) Allaah has cursed the disbelievers and has prepared for them a flaming fire (Hell).

Wherein they will abide forever, and will find neither a protector nor a helper. On the day their faces will be turned over in the fire, they will say : “ Oh , would that we had obeyed Allaah and obeyed the Messenger ( Mohammed) “ ( Qura’an 33:64)

The Belief in The Last day Has many Benefits, Including:

First: Awakening the desire to perform acts of obedience , striving to accomplish them in the hope of gaining the reward of the Last Day.
Second: Arousing the fear from committing acts of disobedience and accepting them , fearing the punishment of the last Day.
Third: Comforting the believer over matters of this world that may escape him , by that which he hopes for from the delight and reward of the Hereafter. ( و إذ قال إبراهيم رب ارنى كيف تحى اموتى قال أولم تؤمن قال بلى و لكن ليطمئن قلبى قال فخذ أربعو من الطير فصرهن إليك ثم أجعل على كل جبل منهن جزءا ثم أدعهن يأتينك سعيا و أعلم أن الله عزيز حكيم) ( البقرة ، 260) And ( remember ) when Ibraheem said,” My Robb ! show how You give life to dead?” He ( Allaah) said:” Do you not believe?” He (Ibraheem) said:”Yes, ( I believe) , but to be stronger in faith .” He said”: take your birds , then tame them to you ( then slaughter them , cut them into pieces) , and then put a portion of them on every hill, and call them , they will come to you in haste. And know that Allaah is All-Mighty, All-Wise.” ( Qura’an 2:260)

The above are real examples that took place nd which are evidence on the possible rising of the dead. It has been denoted earlier that giving life to the dead and raising them from their graves by the will of Allaah are some of the Ayaat that were given to Eesaa bim Mariam.

The Rationalistic Evidence Has two Aspects:

First : Allah تعالى is the one Who originated the creation of the Heavens and the earth. Being Able to originate the process of creation, He is not incapable of repeating it ( after it has been perished) . Allaah تعالى said : ( و هو الذى يبدأ الخلق ثم يعيده و هو أهون عليه ) ( الروم ،27) And He is Who originated the creation , then will repeat it ( after it has been perished ) , and is easier for Him.( Qura’an 30:27) ( كما بدأنا أول خلق نعيده وعدا علينا إنا كنا فاعلين) ( الأنبياء،104)

As We began the first creation , We shall repeat it: a promise We have undertaken. Truly We shall do it. ( Qura’an 21:104) In response to those who denied giving life to rotten and decomposed bones, Allaah ordered ( the prophet Mohammed.: ( قل يحييها الذى أنشأها أول مرة و هو بكل خلق عليم ( يسن ،79) Say ( O Mohammed ) “ He will give life to them Who created them for the first time! And He is the All-knower of every creation!.” ( Qura’an 36:79)

Second: The earth may be barren and life ness without a single green tree in it. Then rain pours down on it and it stirs (to life) and becomes green and filled with life, it puts forth every lovely kind of growth.

The one Whose Able to bring life to it after it was dead, is also Able to give life to the dead. Allaah تعالى said : 　 ( ومن آياته إنك ترى الأرض خاشعة فإذا أنزلنا عليها الماء إهتزت و ربت إن الذى أحياها لمحى الموتى إنه على كل شىء قدير) ( فصلت، 39) And among His signs ( is this) , that you see the earth barren , but when we send water thereon , it is According to Ash-Shara’ah the text affirming the torment of the grave proceeded under part (B) entitled “ Part of the Belief in The Hereafter is The Belief in what Occurs After Death”.

Second: The condition in Barzach80 are matters of Al-Ghyaib which can not be comprehended by Al-Hiss , if they were comprehensible by the sense , than the benefits of believing in Al-Ghyaib would be equally the same as those who deny attesting to its truth.

Third: The torment and delight , and wideness and narrowness of the grave are comprehended only by the dead person and none else. This is the same as the situation in which the person sees himself while in his sleep in a narrow and weird place or in a wide and beautiful one.

With respect to other , his place during his sleep did not change. He is still in his room between his bed and his cover.

In fact the prophet Mohammed used to be under inispration ( by Al-Wahey) while being among his companions : he heard the revelation while his companions did not .

At times the angle ( Jibreel) used to take the form of a man who speaks to the prophet Mohammed and the Sahabaah neither see nor hear him.

Fourth: The creation’s capacity of comprehension is limited to what Allaah تعالى enables them to comprehend- It is impossible for them to comprehend every existing things .

The seven Heavens and the earth and all that is therein , and there is not a thing but make Tasbeeh bi hamdulilah : involved in declaring all praises is due to Allaah ( being) far removed every imperfection or defect.

This Tasbeeh is true and real and sometimes Allaah تعالى may let whom He wills from his creation hear it.

Yes, it is still concealed from us. About this Allaah تعالى said: ( تسبح له السموات السبع و الأرض و من فيهن و إن من شىء إلا يسبح بحمده و لكن لا تفقهون تسبيحهم ) ( الإسراء ،44) The seven Heavens and the earth and all that therein make Tasbeeh of Him and there is not a thing but makes Tasbeeh bihamdhi but you don’t understand their Tasbeeh. ( Qura’an 17:44)

In this matter , the Shayaateen and Jinn move across the earth back and forth and ( a company of) the Jinn came to Allaah’s Messenger Mohammed , listened in silence to his recitation of the Qura’an and when it was finished , they returned to their people , as Warner . Still , however , they are concealed from us.

About this Allaah تعالى said : ( يا بنى آدم لا يفتننكم الشيطان كما أخرج أبويكم من الجنة ينزع عنهما لباسهما ليريهما سوءتهما إنه يراكم و قبيله من حيث لا ترونهم إنا جهلنا للشياطين أولياء للذين لا يؤمنون) ( الأعراف ،27) O Children of Adam! Let not the Shaytaan deceive you, as he got your parents (Adam and Eve) out of Al-Janaah , stripping them of their raiment , to show them their private parts . Verily, , he and Qbbeeluhu ( his soldiers from the jinns or his tribe) see you from where you can not see them. Verily , We made them the devils ‘awliyaa’ ( protectors and helpers) for those who believe not . ( Qura’an 7:27)

And since creation cannot comprehended every existing thing then it is impossible for them to deny what has been affirmed from the matters of Al-Ghyb when they are unaware of it.

　 (6) The Belief In Al-Qadar

Al-Qadar is Allaah’s predestination of beings according to His Foreknowledge and as necessitated by His Wisdom.

The Belief in Al-Qadar Comprises Four Matters:

First: The Belief that Allaah تعالى knew every thing on the whole and in details which took place in the past and is taking or will take place in the future and forever, whether it is related to His Actions or the actions of His Ibaad ( creatures).

Second: The Belief that Allaah wrote ( everything pertaining to His knowledge) in Al-louhul Alahafoudh.88 Regarding these two aspects ( knowledge and writing) Allaah تعالى says: ( ألم تعلم أن الله يعلم ما فى السماء و الأرض ، إن ذلك فى كتاب إن ذلك على الله يسير) ( الحج ، 70) Know you that Allaah knows all that is in heaven and the earth? Verily , it is (all) in the Book ( Al-luhul Almahafoudh)! Verily, that is easy for Allaah. ( Qura’an 22:70)

Third: The belief that all created things do not come to exist except by the Will of Allaah تعالى making n o difference whether it pertains to His Action or to that of the created beings. Allaah تعالى spoke about what pertains to His actions: ( و ربك يخلق ما يشاء و يختار) ( القصص ، 68) Verily, your Rabb creates whatever He wills and choose. ( Qura’an 28-68) 　 　

Fourth: The belief that all beings are created by Allaah including Thawaatiha (their slaves) , their qualities and their motion. Allaah تعالى said: ( و الله خالق كل شىء و هو على كل شىء وكيل) ( الزمر، 62) Allaah is the Creator of all things , and He is the Wakeel ( Trustee , Disposer of affairs, Guardian, etc.) over all things. ( Qura’an 39:62) ( و حلق كل شىء فقدره تقديرا ) ( الفرقان،2)

And he created everything , and has measured it exactly to its due measurements. ( Qura’an 25:2) He said about His prophet Ibraaheem that he told his people : ( و الله خلقكم و ما تعملون) ( الصافات،95-96) While Allaah has created and what you make.83 The above description of the matters of belief in Al-Qadr does not negate that ‘abd has a mashee’ah ( will) and an ability ( Qudrah) regarding his voluntarily deed , because both Ash-Shara’a and Reality are proves that affirm these ( qualities) to him.

As for Ash-Shar’a , Allaah تعالى said about the mashee’ah ( of the ‘abd): ( فمن شاء إلى ربه مآبا) ( النبأ، 39) So whoever wills, let him seek a place with ( or a way to ) His Rabb ( by obeying Him in this worldly life)! ( Qura’an 78:39) ( فأتوا حرثكم أنى شئيتم) ( البقرة ،223) So go to your Harth84 when and or how you will. ( Qura’an 2:223

) Allaah said regarding Al-Qudrah (man’s ability: ( فاتقوا الله ما إستطتم و اسمعوا و اطيعوا) ( التغابن ،16) So keep your duty to Allaah and fear Him as much as you can; listen and obey. ( Qura’an 64:16) ( لا يكلف الله نفسا إلا وسعها لها ما كسبت و عليها ما إكتسبت) ( البقرة ،286) Allaah burdens not a person beyond his scope

. He gets reward for teat ( good) which has earned , and he is punished for that ( evil) which he has earned. (Qura’an 2:286) As to the reality aspect, every person knows that he has a meshee’ah and a qudra’ah by which he acts or relinquishes, and that he distinguishes between what he willfully carries out, like walking , and what occurs unintentionally, like tremors.

However , the ‘adb will (mashee’ah) and Qudrah exist only by Allaah’s will and Ability. He تعالى said: ( لمن شاء منكم أن يستقيم * و ما تشاءون إلا أن يشاء الله رب العالمين) ( التكوير،28-29) To whomsoever among you who wills to talk straight , and you will not unless ( it be) that Allaah Wills – the Rabb of the ‘Aalameen ( mankind, jinns and all that exist. ( Qura’an 82:29-29) And since the entire universe belong to Allaah تعالى , then nothing will come to exist in His kingdom without His will. Also the belief in Al-Qadr as described above, does not grant the ‘abd an argument neither for what he had abandoned from the obligatory acts nor for the acts of disobedience which he had committed.

Accordingly, his justifications, by taking Al-Qadar as a pretext, invalid by the following accounts:

First: In Allaah saying: (سيقول الذين أشركوا لو شاءالله ما أشركنا و لا آباؤنا و لا حرمنا من شىء كذلك كذب الذين من قبلهم حتى ذاقوا بأسنا قل هل عندكم من علم فتخرجوه لنا إن تتبعون إلا الظن و إن أنتم إلا تخرصون) ( الأنعام، 148) Those who took partners (in worship) with Allaah will say: “ If Allaah had willed, we would not have taken partners ( in worship) with Him , and we would not have forbidden anything ( against His will) . Likewise belied those who were before them, (they argued falsely with Allaah’s Messengers) , till they tasted of Our Wrath. Say: “ Have you any knowledge (proof) that you can produce before us ? Verily, you follow nothing but guesses and you do nothing but lie. ( Qura’an 6:148) Had there been excuse for them in Al-Qhadr , Allaah would not have inflicted punishment upon them.

Second : Allaah saying : ( رسلا مبشرين و منذرين لئلا يكون للناس على الله حجة بعد الرسل و كان الله عزيزا حكيما) ( النساء ،165) Messengers as bearers of good as well as of warning in order that mankind should have no plea against Allaah after the Messengers. Allaah is Ever All-Mighty , All-Wise . ( Qura’an 4:165) Had AlQadar been a valid excuse for those opposing (the Messengers) , it would never be eliminated by the mere sending of the Messengers , because the opposition will occur , by Allaah’s will , even after sending them.

Third: The hadeeth narrated by Alee bin Abee Talib and reported by Al-Bukharee and Muslim in which the prophet Mohammed said: ما منكم من أحد إلا قد كتب مقعده من النار أو الجنة فقال رجل من القوم الا نتكل يا رسو الله قال لا أعملوا فكل ميسر ثم قرأ ( فأما من أعطى و إتقى ) الآية * و فى لفظ لمسلم " فكل ميسر لما خلق له". “ There is none of you but has his place either in Hell or Al-Janaah.” A man from amongst the people said “ Shall we not depend upon that (and give up doing any deeds)? He said “ Carry on doing (good deeds) for everybody will find it easy to do such deeds as will lead him to his destined place for which he has been created.” (And then the prophet recited the Aayah: 　 ( فأما من أعطى و إتقى) الآية. As for him who gives ( in charity) and keeps his duty to Allaah and fears Him , and believe in Al-Husna85 , We will make smooth for him the path of ease ( goodness) , but he who is greedy miser and thinks himself self-sufficient , and gives lie to Husna , We will make smooth for him the path for evil ( Qura’an 92:5-10).86 The Prophet Mohammed ordered to carry on doing the good deeds and forbade the dependence upon Al-Qadr.

Fourth: Allaah تعالى commanded the ‘abd ( to do the lawful) and forbade upon him ( the un-lawful) and did not hold him responsible towards what he is able to do .

Allaah تعالى said: ( فاتقوا الله ما إستطعتم) ( التغابن،16) Keep your duty to Allaah and fear Him as much as you can. ( Qura’an 64:16) ( لا يكلف الله نفسا إلا وسعها) ( البقرة،268) Allaah burdens not a person beyond his scope. ( Qura’an 2:268) If man were compelled to act, then he would be burdened with inescapable things. This is certainly false.

That is why if he commits something wrong due to forgetfulness, ignorance or under compulsion m then there is no sins on him because he is excused. Fifth: The Al-Qadr of Allaah تعالى is preserved secret kept unknown until the occurrence of what is preordained . The ‘abd intention of what he does precedes his actions and thus it is not based upon a foreknowledge on his part of the Qadar of Allaah .

at the time , his excuse about Al-Qadar is negated , because one can have no established proof in what he knows not. Sixth: We see that man is keen to obtain what suits him from worldly matters. He does not abandon it for that which suits him not and then blame his relinquishment on Al-Qadar .

Why is it then that he turns away from what benefits him from the matters of his Deen to that which causes him harm and resort to Al-Qadar for justification? Isn’t so that dealing with both matters should be one87 The following is an example that clarifies this issue: If there are two roads in front of a person : one leading to a town filled with mischief , disorder , killing , looting , fear , hunger and all forms of sexual and moral abuse ; the second takes him to a town enjoying order , security , and quiet , abundant sustenance and good living , and which lives , honor and property are respected ; which road will you like? Certainly he will take the road that takes him to the town of order and security .

No sensible person would ever take the road lead to the town of chaos and fear and then take Al-Qadar as a pretext.

Why is it then when it comes to the matter of the Hereafter he takes the way to Fire( Hell) instead of the way to Al-Jannaah and then use Al-Qadar as an argument? Another example: We see that when a patient is ordered to take the prescribed medicine , he takes it while his self does not like it. And when is forbidden from taking the food which cause him harm, he gives it up while his self desires it.

He does all of this seeking a cure and to be safe. It is rather impossible that he refrain from taking the medicine or eating the food which is harmful to him using Al-Qadar as a pretext ! Why does a man , therefore , abandon the command of allaah and His Messenger or does what Allaah and His Messengers forbid and takes Al_Qadar as evidence? Seventh: If a person who takes Al-Qadar as pretext ( to justify) what he has abandoned from Al-Wajibaat88 or what he has committed from sins, is attacked by someone who takes away his property or violates his honor and then tells him “: Do not blame me! My attack upon you was due to Allaah’s Qadar(i.e something which Allaah had preordained )” , he would not accept his argument! How came then that he does not accept Al-Qadar as pretext to justify someone’s else attack on him while he takes it as an argument for his aggression against Alla’s right? It is said that Ameer Al-Mu’mineen89 Umar bin Al-Khataab ordered to cut the hand of a thief on whom the( Sahreea’ah) ruling was rightly applicable. The thief said: “ Wait O! Leader of the believers! I committed the theft by The Qadar of Allaah ( i.e he is blaming it on Al-Qadar) ‘Umar replied :” And we assuredly cut ( the hand) by no more than The Qadar of Allaah”.

The Belief In Al-Qadar Has Great Benefits, Amongst Them:

First: Depending upon Allaah تعالى when using the means (by which a thing is brought about) so as not to depend upon the means itself , on the grounds that every thing is preordained by Allaah un exact measures.

Second: Saving the person from having a high opinion of himself upon the achievement of his objective , because its attainment is a favor from Allaah تعالى in view of what He had preordained from the means which lead to what is good and successful .
His conceitedness makes him forget being grateful to Allaah for this favor of His.

Third: Securing a state of peace and tranquility regarding what befalls the person of what befalls the person of what had been preordained by Allaah تعالى. He worries not over failing to attain what is beloved nor over the occurrence of what is disliked, because – all of this is in accordance with Al-Qadar of Allaah – to whom belongs the heavens and the earth – and it inevitable to take place. Allaah says regarding this matter: ( ما أصاب من مصيبة فى الأرض و لا فى أنفسكم إلا فى كتاب من قبل أن تبرأها إن ذلك على الله يسير* لكيلا تأسوا على ما فاتكم و لا تفرحوا بما آتاكم و الله لا يحب كل مختال فحور) ( الحديد، 22-23) No calamity befalls on the earth or in yourselves but it is inscribed in the Book of Decrees( Al-lahul Mahafoidh) , before We bring it into existence , verily that is easy for Allaah.

In order that you may not be sad over matters that you fail to get , nor rejoice because of that which has been given to you. And Allaah likes not prideful boasters. ( Qura’an 57:22) The prophet Mohammed Said: قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم :" عجبا لأمر المؤمن إن أمره كله خير و ليس ذاك لاحد إلا للمؤمن إن أصابته سراء شكر فكان خيرا له ز إن أصابته ضراء صبر فكان خيرا له" – رواه مسلم. “ How amazing is the matter of the believer! There is good in every affair of his, and this is not the case with any one else except in the case of the believer: if any Sararaa90 befalls him , he gives thanks ( to Allaah) thus there is good for him on it.

And if a Darraa91 befalls him , and shows resignation ( and endures it patiently) there is a good for him in it .”92

21 Collected By Immam Muslim 22 Revealed text of the Qura’an and Sunah 23lit: sensory perception, sensation.

It pertains to the evidence about Allaah’s existence .

Al-Hiss means, that which is perceptible through the sense.{TN} 24 Related by Immam Al-Bukhaaree in his Saheeh , V.8,pp.389-90 25 Qura’an 52:35-37 26 Saheeh Al-Bukharee , V.6, pp.336-358 , Hadeeth # 377 27 Saheeh Al-Bukharee , V.5, pp.236 , Hadeeth # 358 28 Al-sh-Shar’a : Islaamic Texts and Legislations in the Qura’aan and Sunah 29 Saheeh Al-Bukharee,V.2 , Hadeeth #55. 30 Ijaabah: Answering the Dua’a of the supplicant by Allaah.{TN} 31 Naraated Annas “ The people of Makkah asked Mohammed to show them ( the miracle) of the cleaving of the moon “ Saheeh – Al-Bukharee,V.6 , Hadeeth #360 32 Allaah , Most Creator , is the Possessor of every possessor .

He permits whom He wishes to possess. Allaah possess all the treasures of the heavens and the earth .

All the good is in His hand , He gives whom He wishes . Everything is in need of Allaah.{TN} 33 This is great Aayah is reminder for those who invoke upon dead or the absent person(s) seeking help and refuge in them, that those whom you seek and call upon instead of Allah don’t posses even a Qanteer.

They can not help themselves let alone those who call upon them .Those who seek refuge or intercession through the righteous in their graves have not correctly estimate Allaah as the One who gives and takes , the One who provides and sustains , the One who loves to be invoked alone. 34 If Allaah saves anyoone none can publish or harm him , and if Allah punishes or harm anyone none can save him {Tafseer Al-Qurtabee.V12,p.145} 35 Ibadaat: Acts of Worship done sincerely for Allah’s sake and in accordance with evidence from Quraa’an (or) authentic Sunah{TN} 36 Mu’aamaalaat : All forms of mutual relations , treatment, procedures, behavior, conducts ( towards others,) and interactions including social , business , transactions. 37 Allaah said that Hud told his people : ( أتجادلوننى فى أسماء سميتموها أنتم و أباؤكم ما أنزل الله بها من سلطان ) ( ألأعراف ، 71) Disputes you with me over names which you have named – and your fathers , with no authority from Allaah ? ( Qura’an 7:71) 38 Allaah is Al-Gaahar : He subdued all creatures and all the elements of the loftiest and lowest world; nothing occurs or moves without His Permission . Everything of His creation is in need of Him.

His Irresistibility is linked to His Perfect Living , Power , And Ability. {TN} 39 If Allaah saves anyone none can punish or harm him , and if Allaah punish or harm anyone none can save him .

See the translation of the Meaning of the Noble Qura’an by Al-Hilaleee and Khaan , Soraat Al-Mo’minoon , Ayaah 88, quoting from Tafseer Al-Qurtabee, v.12 40 There are many Names that are common between Allaah and His creature 41 Istawaa ‘ala Al-Arsh : Ascended above the Throne 62 Collected by Al-Bukharee , Muslim, Ahmed , At-Turmithee and others.

The text is that of Muslim . See Sahee Muslim, V.4 , Hadeeth # 6844 63 Allaah ordered the prophet Mohammed to act on it and to preach it to others 64 Kanafahu: Allaah’s sitr : His Screen 65 An agreed upon hadeeth. See Saheeh Al-Bukharee , V.3 , Hadeeth #621 66 Reported by Al-Bukhary , Muslim , Ahmed and others . See Saheeh Al-Bukharee, V.8, Hadeeth #498 67 In the Tawheed of Allaah , and in His Messengers Mohammed 68 Paradise : The middle and highest part of Al-Jannah .

Above it is the ‘Arsh of Ar-Rahman ( Allaah : Whose Mercy encompasses every thing). See At-Tabaree’s and Al-Qurtabee’s Tafseer, Ayah 72 of Saorat At-Tawbah (no.9) {TN} 69 This is part of authentic hadeeth collected by Al-Bukharee , and Muslim.

The statement “or the doubtful person” is from the subnarrator who was not sure which person Asmaa used in her narration: “the hypocrite or the doubtful person”. See Saheeh Al-Bukharee , V.1, Hadeeth #86. The Hadeeth of Al-Baraa bin ‘ Aazib contains a detailed description of the trial of the grave.

See the book “Death” by Al-Shaikh Alee Hassan Abdul Hameed.English translation By Dawood Burbank ,PP,12-15 , published by Al-Hidaayiah – London 70 The prophet Mohammed was with some of his companions when he passed by the graves of some of the Kuffar and said that, “ These people are passing through the ordeal in the graves “ and completed his statement regarding the torment of the graves as in the text above.{TN} 71 An Authentic narration describing the trail of adDajjal is described in Saheeh Muslim , V.4 ,pp1515-15 72 : Stood straight , i.e they believed in Tawheed and performed all that was ordained by Allaah ( god deeds) and abstained from all that He has forbidden ( sins and evil deed) 73 The hadeeth of Al-Bara’a bin Azib is lengthy one and it is reported by Immam Ahmed and Abu Dawood. See F.N# 70 74 This was a lesson for the children of Israel and all of mankind that Allaah is capable of giving life to the dead in this life as well as resurrecting on the Day of the Resurrection.{T.N} 75 Ibrheem Al-Khaleel is prophet Ibraheem whom , like prophet Mohammed .

Allaah hs distinguished by love and honour. 77 In One narration : “ His urine” 78 Nameemah: Conveyance of false information and mischievous misrepresentation so as to excite discord , dissension or the like 79 Saheeh Al-Bukharee , V.8 , Hadeeth # 81 80 Barazch L Lit. a barrier , partition , or separation) The period between death and the Resurrection. {TN}

42 Al-Ghayb : Realities and domains beyond human perception.{TN} 43 Which describes the ascent of the prophet Mohammed to the Heaven. See for example Saheeh Al-Bukharee,V.1, Hadeeth #345 , and V.5 , Hadeeth #277.{TN} 44 Al-Bait ( the House) Al-Ma’mour( Inhabited) : in the seventh heaven parable to Ka’aba in Makkah , continuously visited by the angles .

Ibn Katheer said: “ It is the Ka’aba for the inhabitant of the seventh heaven.” See Tafseer Ibn Katheer ( Qura’an 52:4) and As-Silasilah Al-Saheeha by Shayaikh Nassir udeen Al-Albaani , V1,#477 {TN} 44 Saheeh Al-Bukharee V.4, Hadeeth # 455-457 45 See Saheeh al-Bukharee , V.4 , Hadeeth #455-457 46 See Qura’an 19:17 47 When Jibreel asked the prophet Mohammed about Ihsan , he replied : Ihsaan is to worship Allaah as though you are seeing Him , and while you see Him not yet truelly He sees you .” For full account og this Hadeeth , see Saheeh Muslim , V.1, Hadeeth # 1, and Saheeh Al-Bukharee , V.1, Hadeeth # 47.{TN} 48 Magnifying the Perfection of Allaah , Most High .{TN} 49 See Al-Biddaayah wa Al-Nihayyah by Ibn Katheer , V.1, p.50 {TN} 50 See Fathul AlBaree by Ibn Hajer Al-‘Asqlaanee,V.11,p.368.{TN} 51 Allaah تعالى said: ( قل يتوفاكم ملك الموت الذى وكل بكم الذى وكل بكم ثم إلى ربكم ترجعون)( السجدة،11) Say: “ The angel of death , who is set over you , will take your souls, then you shall be brought to your Rabb.” ( Qura’an 32:11) {TN} 52 Allaah , The Exalted Said: (و إن عليكم لحافظين كراما كاتبين يعلمون ما تفعلون) ( الأنفطار، 12-12) But verily , over you ( are appointed angles in charge of mankind) to watch you .

( They) are honorable in Allaa’s sight , writing down ( you needs). They know all that you do. Qura’an 82:10-12) . ( إذ يتلقى المتلقيان عن اليمين و عن الشمال قعيد ) ( ق، 17-18) ( Remember)! That the two receivers ( recording angles) receive , one sitting on the right and one on the left ( to note his or her action) Not a word does he (or she) utter , but there is a watcher by him ( her) ( to record it) ( Qura’an 50:17-18){TN} 53 “ When a dead person is buried , two black ( looking) angles having blue eyes , one ic called Munkar and the other Nakeer , will come to him.

They will ask about Allaah , the prophet and his religon . Ahadeeth related by Al-Tirimeethee and shayekh Al-Albanee said it is hassan.See AtTahaawiyya , FN.#528 .p.399 –As-Saheeh , Hadeeth # 1391 , and At-Tabreezee’s Mushkaatul Massabeeh,V.1, Hadeeth # 130{TN} 54 Saheeh Al-Bukharee 55 Saheeh Al-Bukharee, V.4 , Hadeeth #433

57 In the hadeeth , the prophet Mohammed describes the distress people will go through the Day of Resurrection. They will go to Adam then Noah , Ibraaham , ‘Eassaa and then to Musa. They will decline , each according to his own reason . Musa will direct them to go to Moahmmed and Allaah will permit him to intercede. See Saheeh Bukharee , V.6, Hadeeth #236 58 Taghout: All forms of false deities. {TN} 59 Reported by Bukharee and Muslim .

See Saheeh Al-Bukharee , V.1, Hadeeth #394 60 As slaves of Allaah who submit , surrender , and devote worship to Him alone. 61 The Home in the hereafter . They used to make people to remember the Daar( home) in the hereafter.

They invited the people to obey Allaah and to do good deeds for the hereafter. 　

88 Al-lauhul Almahafoudh: the preserved tablet 82 Saheeh Muslim , V.4, Hadeeth #6416 83 Ibraaheem was referring to the idols that his people used to worship: ( قال أتبعدون ما تنحتون * و الله خلقكم و ما تعملون) ( الصافات ، 95-96) . He Ibraaheem said to His people : Worship worship you that which you ( yourselves) crave? While Allaah has created you and what you make ! ( Qura’an , signifying Aayaat 95-96 of Saarat Al-Saafaat .# 37.{TN} 84 Allaah described the wives as Harth: Tilth for their husbands .

He said: ( نساؤكم حرث لكم فأتوا حرثكم أنى شئيتم) ( البقرة،223) Your wives are as a tilth for you , so go to your tilth , when or how you will. ( Qura’an 2:223). “ Go to your tilth means to have legal sexual relations with your wives. 85 Al-Husna means either the declaration of: laa ilaaha illa lah : none has the right to be worshiped except Allaah , or reward from Allaah i.e Allaah will compensate him for what he will spend in Allaah’s Way or bless him with Al-Janaah{TN} 86 See Saheeh Al-Bukharee , V.9 , Hadeeth # 642 87 Which means that he must not turn away from what benefits him and blame it on Al-Qadar.{TN} 88 Al-Wajibaat: The Obligatory matters of Deen 89 Ameer Al-Mu’mineen: The Leader of the Believers 90 Sarraa’: Prosperity, being in a well- to -do state , life of ease , success in the form of obedience to Allaah in matters of Deen 91 Daraa’: a poverty, illness , hardship , trouble , trail etc. 92 Reported by Muslim. See Saheeh Muslim , V.4, Hadeeth #7138 [75] Al-Jabriyyah ( from the Arabic word Jabr’ Compulsion) who maintained determinism against free will.

These are the followers of Jahm bin Safawan (d.128 Hj/45) their doctrine is that salvation was predetermined and that man , in effect could not work either for, nor against his salvation .

According to his claim man is just like feather suspended in the air.{TN} [76] Al-Qadriyyah , Predestinarianism , the opposite extreme to Al-Jabiryyah. The claimed that man creates his own actions by his ability and his will . “ Making “ creators other than Allaah !That is why the prophet Mohammed called them the Majoos of his Ummah , because the Majoos claim that Satan creates evil and harmful things , making of Satan a “creator” besides Allaah .

Far is Allaah above what these sects utter. Abu Dawood related on the uthority of Abdullah bin Ummar that the prophet Mohammed sid: “ Al-Qadiryyah are the Majoos of this Ummah , if they become ill do not visit them , and when they die do not witness